Sinking Funds - Millionaire on the Prairie

Do You Have a Car Fund?

A car fund is a tool that will help you stay out of debt. Avoiding car payments is a great way to keep your financial stress to minimum. Your car fund is the place where you save money for your next vehicle. It’s a sinking fund dedicated to the purchase of your next motorized chariot.

Pay cash. I can’t be any clearer than that. Keep saving for as long as it takes you to have enough cash to pay for your next vehicle.

Once you’ve bought a vehicle, continue making that same payment to your car fund. Whatever you’re driving now will not last forever – all vehicles eventually need to be replaced.

How much should you be contributing to your car fund?

That’s an easy one to answer. Go to any car manufacturer’s website and use their loan calculator to determine the monthly payment for the vehicle that you want. That’s the amount that should be going into your car fund every month. If you were planning on making bi-weekly payments on a car loan, then arrange to have that bi-weekly payment sent to your bank account.

This method serves two purposes. First, it will assist you to build the savings needed to pay cash for your next vehicle. While it’s obvious, I’ll say it anyway so that there’s no room for misunderstandings. The more you save, the faster your pile of money will grow. Secondly, and less obviously, saving your car payments in advance of purchase allows you to experience the real-time effects of a car payment on your current budget. If the calculator says your car payment is going to be $600 per month, then that’s the amount you set aside every month.

If you had taken a loan, you’d be making that $600 payment to the creditor. Making payments to yourself tells you whether your budget would’ve been able to handle a payment of that size. By saving the money in advance, the impact on your budget is the same – you’re still giving up the use of that money. The fact that the money is going into your car fund doesn’t alter the fact that you’re not at liberty to spend that money on something else.

Can your budget handle a car payment?

You’ll quickly get the answer to this question by setting aside this chunk of money in advance of your purchase. Either you’ll be able to comfortably live on the whatever’s left over after the contribution to the car fund, or you won’t.

So if the answer to the last question is yes, great – keep saving until you have enough cash to buy the vehicle outright.

Should the answer to the question be no, then you’ve got some decisions to make about your money. Maybe you want to consider buying a less expensive car. Alternatively, you may decide to simply save your money over a longer period of time so you can get the vehicle that you really want. There’s also the option of getting a part-time job, or finding a side hustle, that will bolster your contributions to your car fund.

Avoid taking out a car loan if at all possible. Incurring that kind of financial stress won’t make your life better. Instead, pick a cheaper vehicle and save up your money until you can pay for it in cash.

Finally, if you absolutely must take out a vehicle loan, then follow the tips that I’ve talked about here. Debt beggars the borrower while enriching the lender. It’s in your best interest to minimize the amount of debt that you pay on a vehicle loan.

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Weekly Tip: Make a will. No one is promised tomorrow. The province will divided your earthly belongings according to a pre-determined list if you die without a will. For those of you have specific bequests in mind, get yourself to a competent lawyer to have your will drawn up and properly witnessed. This way, your wishes will be followed when you’re no longer around to tell people what your wishes are.

Why I love Tangerine

As you know, I hate paying bank fees. Thankfully, there are many great options available so I never have to. (And if you’re still paying bank fees, please tell me why? You don’t have to pay them either if you’re willing to spend roughly 20 minutes setting up a free online bank account.)

However, I digress. The three best online banks in my opinion are Simplii, EQ Bank, and Tangerine. And to be explicitly clear, I am not being paid by any of these banks for this post. I’m simply sharing my opinion. Feel free to do your own research make your own choices.

At the time of this post, EQ Bank had the highest interest rate on its savings accounts.

Tangerine is my favourite online bank for the reason that it is best suited to help me achieve my goals. First of all, one customer number allows me to create and access up to 5 sub-accounts. Secondly, I can ascribe a name to each of these sub-accounts. Thirdly, I’m able to use automatic transfers from my real-world bank account to the sub-accounts.

All of my favourite personal finance tools are available to me in one online bank. What’s not to love?

Make use of Sinking Funds!

The older I get, the worse my memory becomes. Raise your hand if you can relate! Anyway, having sub-accounts means that I can create pools of money for my short-term goals. Before COVID-19, I traveled every single year so one of my sub-accounts was appropriately named “Travel”.

The beauty of naming my sub-accounts is the inherent prioritizing function that I had to go through in picking those names. Again, I only have 5 sub-accounts so I had to figure out which of my many short-term goals were the highest priority. Travel is still more important to me than furniture, which is why I still don’t have a sub-account called “Furniture”.

Having various sinking funds for my short-term goals means that the money is there when I need it. Un-sexy things like insurance and property taxes need to be paid every year. One of my sub-accounts is a sinking fund for those expenses. When those bills come due, the money will already be there. Do you know how nice it is to not have to scrabble together the money at the last minute?

I also have a sub-account for medium-term goals, namely anything that needs to get purchased in the next 2-5 years. When it was time to replace the windows & siding on my house, I got the quote then got to saving. It took nearly 2 years to save up the money but I wasn’t worried about how to pay my contractor when the work was done.

And once that particular job was done, it was no longer a priority. So that particular sub-account acquired a new name… “Landscaping.” Trees need to be cut down… grading needs to be levelled… new sod needs to be laid. (For those of you who don’t yet own a home, know that it is a money-pit. On top of the mortgage, you will be on the hook for repairs, maintenance, upgrades, and all the other financial joys that come with home ownership.)

Automate!

You know what else I love? Automatic transfers! Yes, you heard me say it – I love automatic transfers. I have my main bi-weekly transfer from my checking account to my very first Tangerine sub-account, which I call my Freedom Account. (Shout out to Mary Hunt of Debt-Proof Living!) I have more transfers in place from sub-account #1 to the various other sub-accounts.

Here’s another reason why I love Tangerine. This particular online bank has a rather unique feature that I haven’t found anywhere else. Tangerine allows me to implement “Money Rules” and these rules allow me to control what happens to the overflow.

Overflow? Blue Lobster, what the hell is overflow?

Dear Reader, if you’ve been doing automatic transfers for any length of time, you know that money piles up. One day, you account has $25 then the next time you check it, there’s way more! That’s the power of implementing automatic transfers. You do it once then move on to other tasks in life. Your money will accumulate automatically without you having to remember to make every single transfer manually.

At Tangerine, you have the option of re-directing money once a pre-determined amount is sitting in your sub-accounts. That re-directed money is the overflow. Pay attention – here’s where the steak starts to sizzle.

Money Rules in Action!

For example, you need to accumulate $3000 for your pet emergency fund. So you set up an automatic transfer. Once your $3000 is in place, you’re not going to cancel your automatic transfer! Instead, Tangerine gives you the power to have that money re-directed to one of your other sub-accounts. Maybe you’re saving up to go on a road trip or new furniture. Tangerine’s system means that money that otherwise would’ve stayed in your pet emergency fund is sent to your next highest spending priority.

And you don’t have to worry about fiddling with the automatic transfer should you need to use some of your emergency funds. Let’s say you need $1500 for your furry friend’s surgery. Your pet emergency fund will drop down to $1500. The automatic transfer will go back to funding that sub-account until it gets back up to $3000. At that point, future funds – the overflow – are whisked away to the sub-account named for your next highest priority.

It’s a pretty sweet little feature. Again, it ensures that your money is going towards your highest spending priorities.

Do yourself a favour.

At the very least, consider opening a Tangerine account. The purpose of this account was, and mostly still is, to make it somewhat difficult to access this money until I really need it. I wanted a simple method to siphon money from my day-to-day spending to my financial goals.

You don’t have to obtain a bank card for this account. I’ve had my Tangerine account for more than 10 years. I’ve never asked for a bank card. Without one, I can’t withdraw money at a bank machine. My money stays in place until I need it. What more could a Single One want?

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Weekly Tip: Figure out your priorities and spend accordingly. There will come a point in life where you realize that it makes absolutely no sense to spend your money on things that don’t make you happy. The sooner you reach that point, the better.

Budget? No, thank you.

I don’t use a budget. I’ve been in charge of my own money since I got my first part-time job, in a grocery store, at the age of 15. Not once since that time have I ever written out a budget in order to allocate a certain amount towards food, towards clothing, towards entertainment, towards X.

If you’ve been reading my blog for the past couple of years, you’ll know that I’m a huge fan of automatic transfers and sinking funds.

Very simply, my paycheque hits my bank account. My automatic transfers kick into high gear. Various amounts of money are dispersed among my many, many bank accounts. (Each account has a very specific purpose!) Then I spend whatever is left in my account.

For the cheap seats in the bank, I say again that I don’t use a budget.

If budgets work for you, then stop reading.

For my part, I’m not against budgets if they work for you. Everyone needs a good money-management system and budgets are one of the options available for controlling spending.

A budget simply doesn’t work for me.

See, if I’m at the grocery store and I see something that I want but which isn’t on my list, then I’m still going to buy it. I don’t want to walk past it solely because it’s not in the budget. (I might walk by it because I don’t need more calories/sodium in my diet, but that’s a different blog topic.) The same principle applies to clothing, shoes, gasoline, whatever isn’t already covered by my sinking funds.

And lest you think that money runs through my fingers like water, I promise you that there is a method to my budget-free madness.

The backbone of my money-management system lies in taking care of the Big, Important Priorities first. Once my priorities have been funded, then it doesn’t matter if I buy a couple of extra things at the grocery store or drive more than I’d intended in a given week. The most important elements of my financial life get funded first so that daily decisions don’t matter too, too much so long as I don’t go into debt. Rule number one of my system is always avoid debt!

Although I’m still fine-tuning it after all these years, the system I’ve developed for myself ensures that my medium-term and long-term priorities each get the lion’s share of my paycheque before I start doing my day-to-day spending. The impulse purchase of a pair of jeans while window-shopping at lunchtime is not going to derail my retirement dreams.

Automatic Transfers & Sinking Funds

The most important quivers in my money-management arsenal are automatic transfers and sinking funds. One of the most burdensome realities of adulting as a Single One is that all the expenses of my household are my responsibility. That means, I pay all the utilities and taxes and insurances. It also means that if I want to travel to Vancouver to enjoy the cherry blossoms in the spring, then I’m the one who has to scrounge up the money to do so.

In the pre-COVID19 days, I had a far more active social life that included concerts, travel, and meals with friends. Those activities have been curtailed for now, but I’m sure that I’ll get to enjoy most of them again.

My point is that I rely on automatic transfers and sinking funds to pay for the expenses of my life. For example, I pay my insurance premiums on a yearly basis. I have a sinking fund for that particular bill. I take the amount I paid last year, increase it by 10%, then divide that number by my annual number of paycheques. The final amount is then automatically sent to my sinking fund every time I get paid. When the premium due date rolls around, I’m not left wondering where to come up with several thousand dollars.

While I realize that some people pay their insurance monthly, I abhor the idea of anyone other than me withdrawing money form my account. I’d prefer not to grant access to my bank accounts to anyone else.

I have sinking funds for all of the following:

insurance premiums;
property taxes;
annual vacations;
birthday and celebration gifts;
Registered Retirement Savings Plan contributions;
Tax Free Savings Plan contributions;
renovations;
MISC.

Yes, I set aside a segment of my paycheque for miscellaneous stuff. I might decide to do something fun and unexpected, so I need to have a bit of money tucked aside for this unanticipated spending. Sometimes the MISC-money has to be spent on not-fun stuff, like a new pair of glasses – they’re quite necessary but they won’t be cheap.

Leftover money gets spent…

Yes, that’s right. Think of my automatic system as a blackjack dealer in a casino. My sinking funds are the players. The deck is my paycheque. Once the system has dealt money to each of my sinking funds, I’m free to spend whatever’s leftover however I want.

Again, I don’t use a budget. The leftover money is spent on groceries, clothes, gasoline, liquor, dining out, whatever I want. What I love best about my money-management system is that I can spend however I want in the very short-term because my medium-term and long-term goals are also being met. It’s the best of both worlds for me.

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Weekly Tip: Consider following the 50-30-20 rule for your money, which I first learned about in the book All Your Worth written by Elizabeth Warren and Amelia Warren Tyagi. In a nutshell, the rule says that 50% of your net income is spent on your necessities, otherwise known as MUST-HAVE’s. Then next 30% is spent on non-necessities, the Want-to-Have’s. The final 20% goes straight into Savings and Investing.

Decide – Execute – Enjoy!

The first step to getting what you want is to prioritize your goals. You’re the only one who can decide what you need in order to live the life that you really want. The next step is to create and execute the plan to turn your dreams into your reality. The final step is to enjoy the reward of your efforts. Decide – execute – enjoy!

I’ve followed this three-step plan to achieve many goals in my life, both large and small, long-term and short-term. When I got tired of saying that I’d never been to Europe, I decided to go overseas. Between 2016 and 2019, I travelled to Europe three times. For each trip, I found a way to set aside the money from my paycheque so that I could visit Italy, Spain and Ireland. Getting to Europe was important to me so I found a way to make it happen.

One of the keys to my success was using technology to remove the temptation to spend money on things that didn’t get me closer to this particular goal.

Automatic Transfers are Your Friends

I absolutely and completely love automatic transfers. They are reliable – they’re effective – they’re simple to understand. All a body has to do is decide how much money to put toward a particular goal, and then put an automatic transfer in place. For example, if you wanted to create an emergency fund of $3500, then you could automatically transfer a fixed amount from each paycheque into a separate emergency fund account until you’d saved $3500. Easy-peasy lemon-squeezy!

Once one goal is reached, you simply keep the transfer in place and use the money to go towards the next most important goal.

And you needn’t limit yourself to having one transfer. For my part, I have 4 automatic transfers in place. One is for my long-term goal of early retirement. Another is for short-term goals like travel, house repairs, birthday & holiday presents, theatre tickets, vehicle replacement, and the like. The third transfer is in place for my charitable donations. And finally, the last transfer is in place to cover the costs associated with being a home-owning adult who has bills to pay.

Once my automatic transfers go through, I can spend the rest of my paycheque however I want! My long-term goals are being funded. My short-terms goals are also getting a little love. The costs of running my house and various other bills all get paid on time. And I have money set aside for charity. The rest of the money can be squandered and I can still create the life I want for myself.

I enjoy the theatre and I go several times each year. When it’s time for me to renew my subscription to Broadway Across Canada, the money’s there. Holiday traditions are important to me since they mean time with my family and friends. Is it time to buy some Christmas presents? The money is already there. And let’s not forget those special occasions that aren’t always so predictable. Invitation to a wedding or a spa weekend with friends? The money’s waiting for me.

Sinking Funds are Key to Paying for It All

Automatic transfers are a magnificent way to build sinking funds for all of your anticipated expenses.

While we live in an instant gratification society, one of the realities of good financial stewardship is that we can’t always get what we want when we want it. Credit cards create the illusion that you’re living your best life. They allow users to buy whatever they want the very second that they want something. However, unless that person has the money sitting aside to pay the bill, credit cards burden people with exorbitant interest payments.

Credit cards don’t teach people about patience. Let’t be honest. Most credit card purchases aren’t for emergencies. For a great many people, credit is used because someone doesn’t want to wait a little bit long to buy!

If you’re serious about spending your money on the things that matter most, then take my advice. Siphon a portion of your income every time you’re paid into an account dedicated to your most important goals. Use automatic transfers and sinking funds to acquire the things that you really and truly want.

You work too hard for your money to waste it on purchases that you won’t remember 48 hours after you’ve made them. Create a financial plan for your money by telling it where to go instead of wondering where it went. Automatic transfers and sinking funds are financial tools that will help you to build the life you really and truly want for yourself. Start using them today and move that must closer to achieving your dreams.

Decide – execute – enjoy!

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Weekly Tip: Don’t let websites store your credit card information. Firstly, doing so makes it that much easier for you to indulge in instant gratification purchases. The few extra seconds of typing in your information might be all you need to make you reconsider whether the purchase is moving you closer to or further from your goals. Secondly, if the retailer’s website is hacked, then your information is at risk and your odds of being the victim of identity theft go up.